Vaccine exemption refers to the legal or policy allowance for individuals to opt out of receiving mandatory vaccinations for personal, religious, or philosophical reasons. This research area explores the various laws, regulations, and policies that govern vaccine exemptions, as well as the potential impact of exemptions on public health, disease prevention, and community immunity. Researchers in this field may examine the reasons why individuals choose to seek vaccine exemptions, the prevalence of exemptions in different populations, and the potential consequences of allowing non-medical exemptions on overall vaccination rates and disease outbreaks. Ultimately, the goal of research in this area is to inform public health policy and practice to ensure that vaccination programs are effective in protecting the health of communities.